[Pooya/Ali Commentary 72:2]
The jinn after listening to the right guidance preached by the Holy Prophet (there is no god save Allah), accepted the unity of Allah (tawhid) and rejected the corrupted creeds of the Jews and the Christians. See commentary of Anam: 101.
وَأَنَّهُ تَعَالَىٰ جَدُّ رَبِّنَا مَا اتَّخَذَ صَاحِبَةً وَلَا وَلَدًا
[Shakir 72:3] And that He-- exalted be the majesty of our Lord-- has not taken a consort, nor a son:
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 72:3] (see commentary for verse 2)
وَأَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ سَفِيهُنَا عَلَى اللَّهِ شَطَطًا
[Shakir 72:4] And that the foolish amongst us used to forge extravagant things against Allah:
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 72:4] (see commentary for verse 2)
وَأَنَّا ظَنَنَّا أَن لَّن تَقُولَ الْإِنسُ وَالْجِنُّ عَلَى اللَّهِ كَذِبًا
[Shakir 72:5] And that we thought that men and jinn did not utter a lie against Allah:
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 72:5] (see commentary for verse 2)
وَأَنَّهُ كَانَ رِجَالٌ مِّنَ الْإِنسِ يَعُوذُونَ بِرِجَالٍ مِّنَ الْجِنِّ فَزَادُوهُمْ رَهَقًا
[Shakir 72:6] And that persons from among men used to seek refuge with persons from among jinn, so they increased them in wrongdoing:
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 72:6]
The inability of the human beings, particularly in the earlier ages of ignorance, to understand the nature of created beings other than themselves, led them to believe in false notions about the jinn. They thought that the jinn had mysterious powers and could harm them in supernatural ways, so they began to give undue importance to the jinn, and many people used to invoke them for protection and safety. This attitude of man made the jinn proud and they foolishly and falsely assumed the responsibility of guarding and protecting mankind. Like the disbelievers some among the jinn also thought that there is no resurrection and judgement, so they became daring and tried to pry higher realms but their dark plots were defeated by vigilant guards described as the shafts of meteoric light in the heavens. See commentary of Hijr: 16 to 18; Saffat: 7 and Mulk: 5.
وَأَنَّهُمْ ظَنُّوا كَمَا ظَنَنتُمْ أَن لَّن يَبْعَثَ اللَّهُ أَحَدًا
[Shakir 72:7] And that they thought as you think, that Allah would not raise anyone:
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 72:7] (see commentary for verse 6)
وَأَنَّا لَمَسْنَا السَّمَاءَ فَوَجَدْنَاهَا مُلِئَتْ حَرَسًا شَدِيدًا وَشُهُبًا
[Shakir 72:8] And that we sought to reach heaven, but we found it filled with strong guards and flaming stars. [Pooya/Ali Commentary 72:8] (see commentary for verse 6)
وَأَنَّا كُنَّا نَقْعُدُ مِنْهَا مَقَاعِدَ لِلسَّمْعِ ۖ فَمَن يَسْتَمِعِ الْآنَ يَجِدْ لَهُ شِهَابًا رَّصَدًا
[Shakir 72:9] And that we used to sit in some of the sitting-places thereof to steal a hearing, but he who would (try to) listen now would find a flame lying in wait for him:
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 72:9] (see commentary for verse 6)
وَأَنَّا لَا نَدْرِي أَشَرٌّ أُرِيدَ بِمَن فِي الْأَرْضِ أَمْ أَرَادَ بِهِمْ رَبُّهُمْ رَشَدًا
[Shakir 72:10] And that we know not whether evil is meant for those who are on earth or whether their Lord means to bring them good:
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 72:10] (see commentary for verse 6)
وَأَنَّا مِنَّا الصَّالِحُونَ وَمِنَّا دُونَ ذَٰلِكَ ۖ كُنَّا طَرَائِقَ قِدَدًا
[Shakir 72:11] And that some of us are good and others of us are below that: we are sects following different ways:
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 72:11]
There are among the jinn some who are righteous and some otherwise, but all of them know that Allah's truth and Allah's plan must prevail, and no one can frustrate His purpose or escape from it. Those who do not follow the right path and deviate shall be the fuel of the fire.
وَأَنَّا ظَنَنَّا أَن لَّن نُّعْجِزَ اللَّهَ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَلَن نُّعْجِزَهُ هَرَبًا
[Shakir 72:12] And that we know that we cannot escape Allah in the earth, nor can we escape Him by flight:
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 72:12] (see commentary for verse 11)
وَأَنَّا لَمَّا سَمِعْنَا الْهُدَىٰ آمَنَّا بِهِ ۖ فَمَن يُؤْمِن بِرَبِّهِ فَلَا يَخَافُ بَخْسًا وَلَا رَهَقًا
[Shakir 72:13] And that when we heard the guidance, we believed in it; so whoever believes in his Lord, he should neither fear loss nor being overtaken (by disgrace):
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 72:13] (see commentary for verse 11)
وَأَنَّا مِنَّا الْمُسْلِمُونَ وَمِنَّا الْقَاسِطُونَ ۖ فَمَنْ أَسْلَمَ فَأُولَٰئِكَ تَحَرَّوْا رَشَدًا
[Shakir 72:14] And that some of us are those who submit, and some of us are the deviators; so whoever submits, these aim at the right way:
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 72:14] (see commentary for verse 11)
وَأَمَّا الْقَاسِطُونَ فَكَانُوا لِجَهَنَّمَ حَطَبًا
[Shakir 72:15] And as to the deviators, they are fuel of hell:
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 72:15] (see commentary for verse 11)
وَأَن لَّوِ اسْتَقَامُوا عَلَى الطَّرِيقَةِ لَأَسْقَيْنَاهُم مَّاءً غَدَقًا
[Shakir 72:16] And that if they should keep to the (right) way, We would certainly give them to drink of abundant water,
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 72:16]
Aqa Mahdi Puya says:
Imam Muhammad bin Ali al Baqir told Abu Bathir that the right path mentioned in verse 30 of Ahqaf is referred to in this verse.
According to Imam Jafar bin Muhammad as Sadiq the water in this verse stands for the knowledge and insight into higher things which is available to those who follow the teachings of the Imams of the Ahl ul Bayt.
لِّنَفْتِنَهُمْ فِيهِ ۚ وَمَن يُعْرِضْ عَن ذِكْرِ رَبِّهِ يَسْلُكْهُ عَذَابًا صَعَدًا
[Shakir 72:17] So that We might try them with respect to it; and whoever turns aside from the reminder of his Lord, He will make him enter into an afflicting chastisement:
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 72:17]
وَأَنَّ الْمَسَاجِدَ لِلَّهِ فَلَا تَدْعُوا مَعَ اللَّهِ أَحَدًا
[Shakir 72:18] And that the mosques are Allah's, therefore call not upon any one with Allah:
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 72:18]
Aqa Mahdi Puya says:
Masjid means a place where one lays or bends with face on the ground in humble reverence-prostration. Figuratively it is used to refer to a place of worship. According to the Ahl ul Bayt, in this verse, masajid (plural of masjid) also refer to the parts of the body which are used in prostration-palms, knees, feet (toes) and forehead.
Imam Muhammad bin Ali at Taqi advised the Abbasi caliph not to cut the portion of the hands of a thief above the four fingers, because the palms are used in the act of prostration.
وَأَنَّهُ لَمَّا قَامَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ يَدْعُوهُ كَادُوا يَكُونُونَ عَلَيْهِ لِبَدًا
[Shakir 72:19] And that when the servant of Allah stood up calling upon Him, they wellnigh crowded him (to death).
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 72:19]
Abdullah, the servant of Allah, is one of the titles of the Holy Prophet.
The reference may be to the rough treatment which the Holy Prophet received at the hands of the unruly mob at Taif. The pagan Quraysh used to put all sorts of obstacles in his way to prevent him from preaching the religion of Islam (worship of Allah only) and denouncing idol worship. They used to ridicule him, persecute him and make the physical conditions of his life as difficult for him as possible.
The Holy Prophet was sent to deliver the message the final word of Allah, to mankind. He did not force them to follow the right guidance. It is left to the free will of every individual to do as he chooses. If any man decides not to follow the right guidance, he shall be a loser in the hereafter where he will see clearly that the promise of Allah is true, and that those who were considered weak on this earth will be the strong ones.
As the Holy Prophet always carried out the commands of Allah in letter and spirit, no matter how much the odds were against him, he is addressed as the servant of Allah-Abdullah.
قُلْ إِنَّمَا أَدْعُو رَبِّي وَلَا أُشْرِكُ بِهِ أَحَدًا
[Shakir 72:20] Say: I only call upon my Lord, and I do not associate any one with Him.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 72:20] (see commentary for verse 19)
قُلْ إِنِّي لَا أَمْلِكُ لَكُمْ ضَرًّا وَلَا رَشَدًا
[Shakir 72:21] Say: I do not control for you evil or good.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 72:21] (see commentary for verse 19)
قُلْ إِنِّي لَن يُجِيرَنِي مِنَ اللَّهِ أَحَدٌ وَلَنْ أَجِدَ مِن دُونِهِ مُلْتَحَدًا
[Shakir 72:22] Say: Surely no one can protect me against Allah, nor can I find besides Him any place of refuge:
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 72:22] (see commentary for verse 19)
إِلَّا بَلَاغًا مِّنَ اللَّهِ وَرِسَالَاتِهِ ۚ وَمَن يَعْصِ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَإِنَّ لَهُ نَارَ جَهَنَّمَ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا أَبَدًا
[Shakir 72:23] (It is) only a delivering (of communications) from Allah and His messages; and whoever disobeys Allah and His Messenger surely he shall have the fire of hell to abide therein for a long time.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 72:23] (see commentary for verse 19)
حَتَّىٰ إِذَا رَأَوْا مَا يُوعَدُونَ فَسَيَعْلَمُونَ مَنْ أَضْعَفُ نَاصِرًا وَأَقَلُّ عَدَدًا
[Shakir 72:24] Until when they see what they are threatened with, then shall they know who is weaker in helpers and fewer in number.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 72:24] (see commentary for verse 19)
قُلْ إِنْ أَدْرِي أَقَرِيبٌ مَّا تُوعَدُونَ أَمْ يَجْعَلُ لَهُ رَبِّي أَمَدًا
[Shakir 72:25] Say: I do not know whether that with which you are threatened be nigh or whether my Lord will appoint for it a term:
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 72:25] (see commentary for verse 19)
عَالِمُ الْغَيْبِ فَلَا يُظْهِرُ عَلَىٰ غَيْبِهِ أَحَدًا
[Shakir 72:26] The Knower of the unseen! so He does not reveal His secrets to any,
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 72:26]
Allah alone knows the unseen. It was not made known to any save the Holy Prophet.
Imam Ali bin Musa ar Rida said:
"Allah revealed all the secrets of the unknown to the Holy Prophet who entrusted this knowledge of the unseen to the Imams of his Ahl ul Bayt."
Refer to the commentary of Baqarah: 3 and Rad: 39.
Aqa Mahdi Puya says:
The knowledge of Allah is infinite. In the light of these verses the knowledge of the infinite had been transferred to the Holy Prophet, so that his finite wisdom should manifest the wisdom of the infinite. In this way the infinite is the real knower and the finite is the depository of acquired knowledge. Therefore whatever the Holy Prophet said to inform people about the unseen is from Allah and therefore true.
These verses also assert that the actions of the Holy Prophet were so in accord with Allah's will and command that his reliability and his sinlessness are guaranteed. There was no question of any error or mistake being committed by him.
إِلَّا مَنِ ارْتَضَىٰ مِن رَّسُولٍ فَإِنَّهُ يَسْلُكُ مِن بَيْنِ يَدَيْهِ وَمِنْ خَلْفِهِ رَصَدًا
[Shakir 72:27] Except to him whom He chooses as a messenger; for surely He makes a guard to march before him and after him,
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 72:27] (see commentary for verse 26)
لِّيَعْلَمَ أَن قَدْ أَبْلَغُوا رِسَالَاتِ رَبِّهِمْ وَأَحَاطَ بِمَا لَدَيْهِمْ وَأَحْصَىٰ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ عَدَدًا
[Shakir 72:28] So that He may know that they have truly delivered the messages of their Lord, and He encompasses what is with them and He records the number of all things.
[Pooya/Ali Commentary 72:28]
The universal will of Allah exercises absolute authority. The will of Allah takes effect as soon as it is willed. There is no gap of time or space between them.
There is nothing which we do, nothing which takes place that is not known to Him, nothing is outside His account, so reckoning and judgement are in His exclusive jurisdiction.
Jazakallah.
ReplyDelete